Some of my conservative Christian friends have been trying to justify their support for President Trump by comparing him to Cyrus, the Medo-Persian ruler, mentioned in the book of Isaiah. 

I understand their desire to make this move. For a long time, my instincts have also been to look for biblical parallels whenever I encounter something that needs assessing. But caution is always in order. Some parallels don’t match as well as we might think. 

Cyrus the Great (c. 600-530 BCE) was a pagan ruler who defeated the hated Babylonian Empire. His most significant act in biblical history was reversing Babylon’s method of dealing with captives and conquered peoples. 

Babylonian practice was to deport the people of a conquered nation, especially those in leadership positions. The elite of the conquered would then be far from home and too demoralized to organize a revolt. And those back home would drift aimlessly until sucked in by imperial propaganda.  

In contrast to the Babylonians, Cyrus was known for his tolerance of local cultures. He realized that the Babylonian approach resulted in an empire full of discontented people. When he conquered Babylon, Cyrus allowed the people to return to their homeland to worship the gods of their choice, fostering a more stable empire.

Through the prophet Isaiah, the Lord gave a ringing endorsement to Cyrus and his new policy. “He is my shepherd and he shall carry out all my purposes” (Isaiah 44:28). Even more stunning, Cyrus is called “anointed” —  “Thus says the Lord to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him…I call you by name. I surname you, though you do not know me” (Isaiah 45:1, 4). 

God calls this pagan king to be an anointed one, that is, God’s messiah. Cyrus does not know the Lord, but he will accomplish God’s redemptive purposes. 

This is where some of my Christian friends find a parallel between Cyrus and President Trump. Most of the Christians I know are willing to concede that the president is not a Christian. But just as God used Cyrus, a pagan ruler, so God is using Trump, they claim, to accomplish good things.

Let’s consider this proposed parallel to see if it justifies enthusiastic support for the president.

First, it’s true that God uses pagan rulers to accomplish his purposes. There are many examples in Scripture: Pharaoh in Joseph’s story, the Persian king is Esther. 

Second, when God uses pagan rulers, it’s not always for immediately redemptive purposes. Sometimes rulers are instruments of God’s judgment—even, or especially, on God’s own people. In Isaiah 10, Assyria is described as “the rod of my anger.” Babylon, with Nebuchadnezzar, is similarly said to bring judgment on Israel (Jeremiah 34 and Habakkuk 1). 

It could then be argued that God might be using the president as an instrument of judgment on the US, more than, say Venezuela or Iran, for example. Perhaps God is using President Trump to bring judgment on the American Church for the way we bow before the golden calf of political power. 

Third, the rulers God uses are never exempted from facing their own judgment. Right after the Lord said he was going to use the Assyrians to judge Israel, God also says Assyria will be punished for their haughty pride (Isaiah 10). God decreed the same fate for Babylon (see Isaiah 47 and Jeremiah 50-51). Those who cheer on the president as an instrument of God should remember that God judges the very rulers used for God’s purposes. Being used for God’s purposes does not equate with God’s approval.

Fourth, just because a leader is anointed as a messiah does not automatically mean that everything they do is God’s work. David was anointed, that is, a messiah, and he had a mixed record as a leader. Solomon’s record was worse. Most of the anointed messiah-kings in David’s line did not walk in the ways of the Lord. Some were very evil. 

It was the prophet’s task to stand against many of the “mini-me” messiah-kings of Judah. Likewise today, the people of God need to stand against the wrongs and evils of mini-messiahs, and especially against those who claim an inflated role and authority. The AI illustration recently posted by President Trump appears to make such a claim.

Fifth, Cyrus was a good messiah inasmuch as he fulfilled the redemptive purpose for which God had anointed him: announcing good news to the captive and release to the prisoners. His was a messianic mission because it aligned with and anticipated the mission of the even greater Messiah to come. In Luke 4, Jesus confirmed that he was this messiah when, quoting from Isaiah 61, he says of himself,  “The spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me, because the LORD has anointed me; he has sent me to bring good news to the oppressed, to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and release to the prisoners; to proclaim the year of the LORD’S favor, and the day of vengeance of our God” 

In contrast, I am deeply skeptical that President Trump’s goals and policies to forcibly send refugees back to their oppressive homelands align at all with the mission of Cyrus. And they are especially unlike the ministry of Jesus.

Sixth, after Jesus declared himself to be the anointed one, he warns against looking for other messiahs to come — for they are only false messiahs! Jesus warned, “then if anyone says to you, ‘Look! Here is the Messiah!’ or ‘There he is!’—do not believe it. For false messiahs and false prophets will appear and produce great signs and omens, to lead astray, if possible, even the elect” (Matthew 24:23). For Christians, this should instill deep caution about attaching messianic significance to any political leader.

Seventh, the New Testament says that Christians share in Christ’s anointing. However, we are not messiahs, but participants who share in Christ’s anointed work (see 2 Corinthians 1:21-22). The Heidelberg Catechism, Q&A 32, says, we share in Jesus’ anointing to be prophets, priests and kings. Like prophets we speak God’s truth to the powerful and the powerless. Like priests we intercede for our world and its leaders. Like kings we live out the reality of God’s kingdom in the midst of this world’s kingdoms.

Comparisons between Cyrus and President Trump are strained and inexact. But more importantly they are a distraction from our primary calling — to follow Jesus, the true and only Anointed One who calls us to share in his liberating ministry of good news.